Abstract

Author:

M. Kamraju

Doi: 10.26480/magg.02.2025.110.119

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Rapid urbanization and population growth are intensifying the global challenge of land scarcity, particularly in megacities where horizontal expansion threatens ecosystems and cultural heritage. While skyscrapers have maximized space, they also contribute to urban heat islands, energy inefficiency, and visual congestion. As a response, the concept of earthscrapers inverted skyscrapers built below ground emerges as a sustainable alternative. By utilizing subterranean space, earthscrapers conserve surface land, provide natural thermal insulation, and reduce environmental footprints while maintaining access to light and ventilation through advanced engineering. This paper critically examines the architectural, environmental, and socio-economic dimensions of earthscraper housing, exploring its integration with renewable energy, urban resilience, and biodiversity preservation. Drawing on case studies and feasibility analyses, the study highlights both opportunities and barriers including engineering challenges, social acceptance, and regulatory gaps. Findings suggest that, although still experimental, earthscrapers represent a transformative approach to sustainable urban living in land-constrained cities. They underscore the need for forward-looking urban design strategies that balance human habitation, ecological integrity, and cultural preservation.